Compare and contrast Sheila and Eric with Mr Mrs Birling Essay Example

Look into Sheila and Eric with Mr Mrs Birling Essay Example Look into Sheila and Eric with Mr Mrs Birling Paper Look into Sheila and Eric with Mr Mrs Birling Paper Exposition Topic: Writing An Inspector Calls is a play about and overseer that shows the Birlings and Gerald Croft that the manner in which they treat others since they are a lower class than them isn't right. This play was composed by J. B. Priestley. The play is set in a 1912 dinning room. Priestley does this to show the contrasts among entrepreneur and communist, preservationist and work. Priestley was attempting to show his 1945 crowd how things had changed since 1912 and furthermore how a few things despite everything need to change. The leader of the Birling family unit is Mr Birling. He is a pretentious, independently employed, pompous man that says he will get a knighthood. Additionally he follows the entrepreneur thought unequivocally and even needs his own child Eric to take care of cash. You can see his entrepreneur thoughts when he says these individuals will before long be requesting the earth this shows he doesnt like the average workers requesting anything in such a case that they get what they need they would turn out to be increasingly similar to him and other white collar classes. Mr Birling began the chain of occasions that prompts Eva Smiths demise in September 1910 when he terminated her from the Birling processing plant since she protested to get more cash. This demonstrates him to be an industrialist, something else that demonstrate him to be this is the point at which he says a man needs to take care of himself and as though we were combined up network and all that babble this shows he follows the old methods of classes and figures individuals should know ere they have a place. At the point when the Inspector addresses him he responds like the Inspector is accomplishing something disreputable and remains trying to claim ignorance indeed, well, we neednt go into all that and still, I cannot acknowledge any obligation demonstrate his refusal to the self destruction and I dont like that tone and a very superfluous inquiry shows his inclination towards the overseer and in the reality the controller is a lower class than him. Mr Birlings little girl, Sheila is a puerile, perky and juvenile individual toward the beginning of the play, yet towards the finish of the play she develops, turns out to be progressively genuine and assumes liability for her own activities so Im extremely capable this shows how unique she is from Mr Birling in the reality she treats individuals increasingly like a general public. When Sheila gets some answers concerning Eva Smiths demise and sees the photograph she runs off in light of the fact that she thought it was all my deficiency this shows she thinks about lower classes not at all like Mr Birling who doesnt care about lower classs prosperity. Sheila adds to Eva Smiths demise by getting Eva terminated from Milwards in 1911. she did this since when Sheila took a stab at a dress she enjoyed, it looked horrendous on her, Eva then held the spruce facing herself and it looked great on her and this made her emit a little chuckle which drives Sheila extremely mad so she addressed the chief and got her terminated I had her turned out of an occupation this shows she resembled her dad before the investigator came. Her response to being addressed by the examiner is that she is terrified. Likewise it caused her to feel resentful, distressed, thoughtful and even causes her to feel capable. This is appeared in the stage bearings hopeless and upset. This equitable shows the amount she transforms from the examiners visit. Toward the start of the play Mrs Birling is depicted as a privileged braggart that trusts herself to be better than every other person. Mrs Birling, the spouse of Mr Birling is likewise an entrepreneur and a solid adherent to the various classes. Mrs Birlings responses to the investigators show is that she was protective and in the event that I was, what business is it of yours? this shows she doesnt like the overseer scrutinizing her as he is a lower class than her. She was likewise inconsiderate young ladies of that class.. indicating she is affected and simply like Mr Birling. Not at all like Sheila she doesnt assume liability for Evas passing I dont think we have to talk about it this assists with indicating us the contrasts between the more youthful and more seasoned age of the family. Mrs Birling is the administrator of the womens advisory group and this is the way she has an influence of Eva Smiths passing. Eva who was imagining her name was Daisy go to the board of trustees to attempt to get some cash as she was pregnant, yet she said her name was Mrs Birling and this irritated the genuine Mrs Birling and utilized her capacity to have her solicitation denied. Eric simply like his sister acknowledges obligation regarding his part in Eva Smiths demise demonstrating again that the more youthful age is learning more than the more seasoned. Erics association in Evas demise begins with the amount he drinks, he is portrayed as squiffy demonstrating he drinks a great deal and is a heavy drinker. While on one of his late evening drinking he meets Eva and gets her pregnant. This connects to how Mrs Birling is included. This enables Mrs b to acknowledge whats going on around her as she typically disregards it yet I didnt realize it was you I never envisioned this shows how much the kids are overlooked and get up to things they shouldnt. Eric additionally attempted to give Eva some taken cash however she wouldnt acknowledge it as it was taken. Eric shows his communist qualities when he discovers Eva was pregnant with his youngster and now they were both dead, he begins to assume liability for what he has done. He likewise censures his folks for her passing you slaughtered them both damn you, damn you addressing Mrs B and denouncing her as she denied helping Eva and his youngster. In the auditors last discourse, he says there are a great many Eva Smiths and John Smiths this is the overseer method of saying there are a ton of common laborers individuals and they have emotions as well. He additionally says we are answerable for one another indicating his help for communism, this is when individuals take care of one another as we are no different, and how he doesnt follow the class framework. Assessor Goole seems to have a capacity to anticipate the future they will learn it in fire and blood and anguish indicating the monitor realizing that world war one would occur and saying the direct inverse of what Mr Birling said before on in the play before the auditor came in. Toward the finish of the play, Sheila and Eric have changed the most, they turned out to be increasingly communist and accept that individuals are significant and we ought to be totally rewarded a similar climate were rich or poor. They feel that they are much the same as Eva Smith as she is youthful too and the main distinction is she had less cash and the manner in which they were raised. This gives us that the more youthful age are learning and that what's to come is going to change. Mr and Mrs Birling havent changed as they are to egotistical and obstinate in there approaches to change what they believe is correct. All they consider is cash and even ensure there kids take care of all there cash, similar to when Mr Birling says Eric needs to pay each penny of the fifty pound he took from his office. In light of the entrepreneur perspectives they accept they control the regular workers. Individuals currently can gain from this since we despite everything have some industrialist ways today where in certain spots men get paid more than ladies and how we despite everything need to regard one another, despite everything need to put individuals first and that individuals are a higher priority than cash. Individuals should be dealt with decently and similarly to ensure we live in amicability. J. B. Priestley composed this play to attempt to dispose of the class framework as he suspected it wasn't right and to attempt to get individuals to cast a ballot work as they have faith in communism and rewarding individuals similarly in the event that they have more cash or not.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET WOMEN A Chemical Analysis ELEMENT Woman S Essay Example For Students

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET WOMEN: A Chemical Analysis ELEMENT: Woman S Essay MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETWOMEN: A Chemical Analysis ELEMENT:Woman SYMBOL:WO DISCOVERERAdam ATOMIC MASS: Accepted as 118 lbs, known to differ from 110 to 550 lbs. Event: Copious amounts all through the world. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: 1. Surface typically secured with a painted film. 2. Bubbles at nothing, freezes without reason. 3. Melts whenever given extraordinary treatment. 4. Severe if inaccurately utilized. 5. Found in different states extending from virgin metal to basic mineral. 6. Respects constrain applied to address focuses. Concoction PROPERTIES: 1. Has extraordinary proclivity for gold, silver, platinum and valuable stones. 2. Ingests extraordinary amounts of costly substances. 3. May detonate without earlier notice and for no known explanation. 4. Insoluble in fluids, however movement significantly expanded by liquor. 5. Most remarkable cash decreasing specialist known to man. Normal USES: 1. Profoundly decorative, particularly in sports vehicles. 2. Can be an extraordinary guide to unwinding. TESTS: 1. Unadulterated example turns ruddy pink when found in common state. 2. Turns green when put adjacent to a superior example. Dangers: 1. Exceptionally perilous with the exception of in experienced hands. 2. Illicit to have more than each in turn.

Structure of the federal government Essay Example for Free

Structure of the central government Essay Figure out where every organization lies in the authoritative structure of the central government. Recognize it as an official office or a free organization. The motivation behind U.S. Ecological Protection Agency is to ensuring human wellbeing and nature by composing and implementing guidelines dependent on laws passed by Congress. As per EPA site, Born in the wake of raised worry about natural contamination, EPA was set up on December 2, 1970 to combine in one organization an assortment of government explore, checking, standard-setting and implementation exercises to guarantee ecological assurance. This office, US Environment Protection Agency is controlled by its Administrator. The present Administrator is Lisa P. Jackson. The President delegates an overseer for U.S. Condition Protection Agency and Congress can support or decay the individual. The US Environmental Protection Agency is a free office. The organization has roughly 17,000 full-time workers and connects with a lot more individuals on a legally binding premise. The motivation behind U.S. Armed force of Corps of Engineer is to give indispensable open designing administrations in harmony and war to fortify the countries security, invigorate the economy, and lessen dangers from fiascos. As indicated by US Army of Corp Engineers site, the historical backdrop of United States Army Corps of Engineers can be followed back to June 16, 1775, when the Continental Congress sorted out a military with a main specialist and two collaborators. Colonel Richard Gridley became General George Washingtons first boss specialist; be that as it may, it was not until 1779 that Congress made a different Corps of Engineers. Armed force engineers, including a few French officials, were instrumental in a portion of the hard-faced conflicts of the Revolutionary War including Bunker Hill, Saratoga, and the last triumph at Yorktown. The US Army Corps of Engineer is a U.S. government organization that is under the Department of Defense. It association is made of Army orde r that is comprised of 38,000 regular citizen and military faculty. It’s the world’s biggest open building, plan and development the board organization. It has practical experience in dams, trenches and flood assurance in the US. The motivation behind the U.S. Coast Guard is to oceanic country security, sea law implementation (MLE), search and salvage (SAR), marine ecological assurance (MEP) and the upkeep of stream, intra-beach front, and seaward route. As indicated by http://www.uscg.mil/history/, the Coast Guards official history started on 4 August 1790 when President George Washington marked the Tariff Act that approved the development of ten vessels, alluded to as cutters, to uphold government tax and exchange laws and to forestall sneaking. Known differently through the nineteenth and mid twentieth hundreds of years as the income cutters, the arrangement of cutters, lastly the Revenue Cutter Service, it extended in size and obligations as the country developed. It works under the Department of Homeland Security during peacetime and can be moved to the Department of the Navy by the President whenever or by Congress during time of war. As of August 2009 the Coast Guard had around 42,000 people training for deployment, 7,500 reservists, 30,000 helpers and 7,700 full-time regular citizen workers. The motivation behind U.S Fish and Wildlife Services is for the executives of fish, untamed life, and normal natural surroundings. In 1871, the U.S. Commission on Fish and Fisheries is made by Congress and accused of considering and prescribing answers for the decrease in food angles and to advance fish culture. Spencer Fullerton Baird is delegated as the principal Commissioner. After a year, the Commissions Baird Station in northern California is utilized to gather, prepare and transport salmon eggs by rail toward the East Coast. As indicated by http://www.fws.gov/chief/dan-ashe/dan.cfm?reint=1, Daniel M. Ashe was affirmed on June 30, 2011 as the sixteenth Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the countries head Federal organization devoted to the preservation of fish and untamed life and their living spaces. His arrangement by President Obama is an amazing climax spent inside the Fish and Wildlife Service family. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) is a central government organization that is under US Department of the Interior. Today, the Service comprises of a focal authoritative office with eight provincial workplaces and almost 700 field workplaces conveyed all through the United States. Figure out which of the appointment subcommittees has locale over agency’s spending demand. As per http://www.opencongress.org/wiki/Committees_and_their_jurisdiction, subcommittee of Interior, Environment and Related Agencies has ward over US Environmental Protection Agency spending demand. The subcommittee on Energy and Water has locale over US Army Corps of Engineers spending demand. The subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation has purview over the US Coast Guard and Interior subcommittee has locale over US Fish and Wildlife Service. Figure out where each agency’s activities fall in the useful grouping of the government spending plan. This segment was tedious and was inquire about this data for quite a while. I investigate and over on some numerous site until I got confound. In any case, after my break and as indicated by http://budget.house.gov/budgetprocess/budgetfunctions.htm#function300, that U. S. Natural Protection Agency, U.S. Armed force Corps of Engineers, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service with work 300: Natural Resources and Environment incorporates programs worried about ecological assurance and improvement; diversion and untamed life zones; and the turn of events and the executives of the countries land, water, and mineral assets. It incorporates programs inside the accompanying government offices and organizations: Agriculture, Commerce, Interior, Transportation, the Army Corps of Engineers, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The U.S. Coast Guard operation’s fall in work 400: Transportation that’s comprises for the most part of the projects controlled by the Department of Transportation, including programs for thruways, mass travel, avionics, and sea exercises. This capacity likewise incorporates two parts of the Department of Homeland Security: the Coast Guard and the Transportation Security Administration. Likewise, this capacity incorporates a few little transportation-related offices and the exploration program for regular citizen flying at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Pick one (1) organization from the rundown and, for an ongoing spending year, decide: The spending authority and costs proposed for the office, and the real expenses and spending expert for the office in that year. The U.S. Ecological Protection Agency will be the office from the rundown to decide the spending authority and expenses. Spending authority gave through appointment, getting authority, or agreement authority permits organizations to go into duty that will brings about prompt or future spending (Mikesell, 2010). I pick Protect Our Nation’s Water Supply to look at EPA spending authority versus cost. As indicated by EPA site, the EPA’s FY 2010 Budget demands 10.5 billion in optional spending authority and 17,384.3 Full Time Equivalents (FTE) to achieve EPA’s endeavors to manufacture a greener economy, move into a perfect vitality future, and secure human wellbeing and the earth in networks the country over. The FY 2010 Budget gives a significant increment from FY2009, mirroring an improved concentration in tending to general wellbeing and condition difficulties. Expanded financing will be focused at fundamental territories remembering contributing for water framewor k, securing our freshwater assets, making an establishment to address environmental change and distinguishing research holes just as synthetic administration. The FY 2010 Budget gives 24 million to completely subsidize five Water Security Initiative (WSI) pilot helpful understandings and the Water Alliance for Threat Reduction Activities. The WSI was propelled in 2006 to illustrate, test, and assess defilement cautioning framework at drinking water utilities. Selection of powerful water security direction on tainting frameworks will be endless supply of these ventures. As indicated by EPA site, EPA utilizes 18.6 million out of the 24 million that they mentioned. This projection was set up for 3 stages. Stages 1 comprise of Conceptual Design, Phase 2 comprises of pilots at drinking water utilities, and the last stage is Guidance and Outreach. The 2011 Water Security Imitative Pilot program financial plan was decreasing from 24 million to 11.6 million. The spending costs plans 24 million and the vast majority of the expenses depend on the proposition in the financial plan. References Mikesell, J,L (2010). Planning, Budget Structures, and Budget Reform, Fiscal Administration. Custon Edition, Cengage Learning, Mason, OH 45040 Ryan, P. (n.d). Board on the Budget. Place of Representatives. Recover on July 21, 2012, from http://budget.house.gov/budgetprocess/budgetfunctions.htm#function300 (n.d). The U.S. Armed force Corps of Engineers: A short History. US Army Corps of Engineers Retrieve on July 21, 2012, from http://www.usace.army.mil/About/History/BriefHistoryoftheCorps/Beginnings.aspx (2009). Council and their Jurisdiction. Open Congress for 112th United States Congress. Recover on July 21, 2012, from http://www.opencongress.org/wiki/Committees_and_their_jurisdiction 2012). Moderating the Nature of America. U.S. Fish Wildlife Service. Recover on July 21, 2012, from http://www.fws.gov/ (2012). EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency. Recover on July 21, 2012, from http://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/ (2012). US Coast Guard. U.S. Division of Homeland Security. Recover on July 21, 2012, from http://www.uscg.mil/history/

Studying, Travels and Fun in Denmark!

Contemplating, Travels and Fun in Denmark! We keep talking about the subject of concentrating abroad, as there is such a great amount of yet to state. Today our interviewee is Ally Flessel. She examines Biology and English at Bucknell University and went for a semester abroad to Denmark, Copenhagen. Did she get some different impressions from this nation than our past interviewees Judy Su and Ellen Wall? Lets locate that out! Partner, you chose to aply for DIS program. Why? What significant advantages of concentrating abroad did you see with your own eyes? Concentrating abroad is an astounding encounter that I would not surrender for whatever else in my school vocation. To start with, it showed me how to adjust to new culture and new individuals. Such projects are loaded up with understudies from everywhere throughout the US, so you have to figure out how to step up and meet new individuals, regardless of whether they are American. Furthermore, concentrating abroad persuaded me to return to school for my senior year with a degree of vitality a large number of my companions are absent. I was eager to be back at school and in a comfortable situation with my companions I have not seen for longer than a year. I think it is likewise significant for understudies to confront certifiable issues from the solaces of loved ones. Freedom is something I picked up the greater part of abroad. I feel sure about my capacity to deal with myself regardless of what tested I may confront. Incidentally, Ally had an alternate circumstance with accomodation from the two recently talked with understudies. She didnt lease a level or live with a receiving family. Rather, she was living inâ the biggest DIS Residential Community with 110 different DIS understudies. Because of a flat mate stir up she was experiencing without anyone else, so likely, she didnt face that irritating flat mate makes-clamor and-I-cannot focus on-concentrating sort of issue. Lets proceed onward directly to your considering. What courses did you take in Denmark? I had Immunology (for my Biology major at Bucknell), Hans Christian Anderson Literature, Sociology of the Family, and Danish Language. I was additionally in the Medical Practices and Policies (MPP) Core. So you took a test to learn Danish? Did you get an opportunity to rehearse in live discussions with Danes? Danish classes were incredible and completely upgraded my experience. Be that as it may, everybody in Copenhagen communicates in English! For instance, when my schoolmates and I would attempt to rehearse our Danish and request espresso the baristas would consistently react in English. Danes are not acclimated with outsiders attempting to gain proficiency with their language so they are not truly adept at getting complements and ordinarily change to English in the event that they experience this. What's more, you didnt feel the language obstruction? There were just multiple times when not realizing Danish was troublesome. To begin with, when I was with my Danish seeing family. I would not have the option to track with in discussions they were having; typically they communicated in English since I was near, however on occasion I needed to follow stories dependent on non-verbal communication. Also, second was eading the signs.All of them are in Danish and requesting that somebody meet you at an area you can't articulate is quite dubious. What sort of composing assignments did you get? What were the most fascinating points? I had an English seminar on Hans Christian Andersen so I composed a paper about his works. I likewise took a course called Sociology of the Family and composed a paper about various family structures. Have you seen the contrast among US and Danish training frameworks? Obviously, there are a few contrasts. In Denmark, charges spread instruction costs, and once turning 18 understudies are really paid to go to class. Young people go to â€Å"high school† until roughly age 19. Frequently understudies take a hole year (or two) preceding beginning at University. The greatest distinction I found out about was the explicitness of instruction in University. While I go to a human sciences school and could have any major before applying to clinical school, in Denmark understudies apply to college as clinical understudies and start concentrating to be a specialist immediately. The understudies focused on that it is critical to recognize what one needs to do preceding beginning University in light of the fact that the instruction is quite certain contrasted with the US standard. Another large contrast is the language prerequisite. Understudies start taking English in the second grade and keep taking it all through their â€Å"undergraduate† profe ssion. They additionally get either French or German around seventh grade. Furthermore, shouldn't something be said about extra time? How do Danish understudies spend it? The Danish understudies I knew invested their energy at school, after school exercises, for example, sports, and at occupations. They were all truly occupied with during the week and didn't have a lot of spare time. At the point when they did they for the most part spent time with their companions and went out to clubs or gatherings. Shouldn't something be said about your extra time? Did you need it too when concentrating in Denmark? Especially the other way, a significant test for me was having a ton of extra time and not realizing how to utilize it. My lodging was outside of the focal point of Copenhagen, so as I got increasingly alright with the city I started investigating my neighborhood classes. It is trying to meet new individuals and request that they investigate with you when you initially show up in another spot. The most noteworthy snapshots of your Denmark life period The most paramount snapshot of my time in Denmark was with my meeting family. The most youthful child had turned 13 and I went to an entertainment mecca with their family for the day to celebrate. Subsequent to visiting the recreation center we went to their cousin’s house for supper. There were three distinct families with offspring all things considered, so after supper we plunked down and viewed a film on netflix. I chose White Chicks in light of the fact that nobody had seen it and I figured the adolescents would appreciate it. What was most critical was the manner by which we really viewed the film: A couple of moments into the film I understood that in spite of the fact that the more established kids were all conversant in English, and the film had Danish captions, the most youthful kids didn't yet have the foggiest idea how to peruse, or if nothing else read rapidly enough to watch a film through captions. The multi year old little girl read the captions so anyone can hear for the whole film with the goal that her more youthful cousins could comprehend what was going on. I understood that I am so fortunate to have motion pictures promptly accessible to me and effectively open to every English speaker. I was stunned at how complex viewing a film as a family could be. Your guidance for the understudies who need to concentrate abroad I would encourage attempting to submerge yourself into the way of life however much as could be expected. I was anxious about doing a homestay and never truly sought after gathering Danes my age. Taking Danish and meeting with my meeting family once seven days totally made my experience, so I can just envision the amount more I would have escaped my experience had I delved marginally more profound into the way of life. Is it accurate to say that you are prepared to follow the counsel of our enchanting interviewee and think about concentrating abroad? Or then again perhaps you have any inquiries to pose? Compose remarks and offer your feelings here!

Cancer on my mind

Cancer on my mind Cancer is on my mind lately. I know how to have fun, huh? But maybe its because yet another good friend of mine just had surgery for breast cancer, or maybe its because I’m reading this great Pulitzer Prize winning book on cancer, or maybe its because I just took a tour of the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT the other day. I could elaborate on the many wonderful aspects of this Institute, namely its interdisciplinary nature, or the fact that of its over 500 researchers, half are engineers and half are scientists. Or I could point out that it is the first place of its kind trying to come at diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cancer from a truly innovative approach. But like all things at MIT, what really impresses me is the way MIT understands how a wonderful art exhibit can illuminate and demystify the most mysterious and frightening of diseases. The gallery on the first floor of this brand new center is definitely worth a visit. It was established to connect the community in Kendall Square and beyond with the work of the Koch Institute and it is free and open to the public from 9am to 5pm weekdays. Not everything in the exhibit is a work of art per se, however, and actually the most striking part of the exhibit is a series of images. These are real images not rendered by an artist, but are instead a row of large colorful backlit images of cells and blood vessels, both directly and indirectly relating to cancer, in all their beautiful and horrifying magnification. These images change yearly through another “MIT-like” process, an open competition to recognize extraordinary visuals that are produced through life sciences research.  Any MIT students, faculty, staff, or affiliates may submit images. MIT community members at the Broad Institute and the Whitehead Institute are also eligible, as are MIT collaborators at other Universities, hospitals, and private companies. You’ve got until October 1 to submit your images. And with that, I’ll leave you with a little vintage James Taylor.

Errors of Learning Second Language for Saudi Learners - 275 Words

Errors of Learning Second Language for Saudi Learners (Essay Sample) Content: Errors of learning second language for Saudi learnersNameCourseInstructorInstitutionDate IntroductionThis paper aims at describing the proposal of the dissertation, having quantification and plurality for all the nonlinguistic audience. Just like many other countries, Saudi is among the countries that take English as their second language and this language is basically taught in colleges. In other places, Littlewoods has always managed to classify English learners into two categories putting others in the individualism and others in the collectivism category. The paper will attempt to provide a theoretical background in the error analysis, identify and describe Arabic speakers, discuss the results and the hypothesis of the study. The hypothesis that will be used will be of one kind of distributive in language. This is not a descriptive label whereby the linguists always refer to various phenomenons (Seidman, 1998.532). The hypothesis of this study will be based on the fact that distributive sentences had numerous properties as much as it was distributiveBackgroundAccording to his research, Cramer revealed that, East Asian countries always come out stronger in the collectivist category more than students who came from the Western countries (Cramer, 1997. 892-956). The students in class will tend to view a teacher as an authoritative figure and they are not able to ask questions in class and challenge the teacher. The students always have a problem when it comes to using the right grammar in class thus making them to wait for teachers instructions always. This paper will aim in exploring the errors that occur while a learner is taking English as the second language. It will also aim at giving factors and other reasons why the second language learners have problems while learning new vocabularies. For one to be considered to be English competent, he must have furnished all the four aspects in English namely, writing, reading, listening and speaking . However, this paper will also aim at exploring problems that learners encounter while undergoing the learning process. Suggestions on how best the problem can be solved will be provided including making the language a compulsory subject in all colleges. The dissertation proposal plays a big role in the field of linguistics. It is more specific on what people must have at hand in order to be able to speak and understand linguistic. The main objective of the study is to identify how many kinds of distributive tend to exist in the current human language. The hypothesis that will be used will be of one kind of distributive in language. This is not a descriptive label whereby the linguists always refer to various phenomenons (Seidman, 1998.532). The hypothesis of this study will be based on the fact that distributive sentences had numerous properties as much as it was distributive. In order to make this phenomenon much understanding, a parallel classification is important. Biologists t end not to recognize the linguistic category as much as they may be using it in their day to day activities. For instance, a shrub is a small plant that is woody and has multiple stems. Bugs have most insects as well as spiders and centipedes (Seliger, Shohamy, 1989. 879). The biologists however do not recognize the categories. When scientists claim that shrubs are in the same taxonomic rank, then he will be said to be making false claims because they do not have same DNA. The scientist can otherwise use the word shrub if he wants to make himself clear as long as he is putting them in the same category. This is what is referred to as a descriptive label. Other objectives will include;To analyze via primary case material how policy implementation on linguistic can work in Saudi Arabia.To determine the factors as to why the learners will have much difficulty in their second language.To bring out the difficult learning factors that the second language learners always encounter.To brin g out ways of improving the second language for the Saudi learnersTo determine very specific skills and other numerous capabilities that teachers must equip themselves so as to improve the vocabularies of the second language learners. These objectives are extremely important for the study, since they will aid the researcher in conducting the research as well as achieving the aim of the research. Research objectives are the guiding principle in deciding upon the research methodology or design.ProposalStatement of the problemThe major problem that faces both the teachers and students in Saudi is learning the second language (Cramer, 1997. 892-956). One of the most important tools that were considered to be having a greater potentiality in solving such issues was through the enhancement of school curriculum. More specifically, the dissertation aims to answering the following queries;What are the main teachers factors that make the learners have difficulty in learning vocabulary?What a re the factors of the second language on mainly why the learners are having problems in learning new vocabularies?What are the best ways of improving the vocabularies of the second language learners?What are main specific skills that teachers must have in order to ensure that they help learners vocabularies?This research wills generally emphasis on two main aspects. Teachers will be seen on how he delivers his mechanism and their attitude towards the subject and the language (Rasinger, 2008. 455-876). Students attitude will also be analyzed to determine their preference during their correspondent studies. The paper will therefore aim at not just on the writing but on the preference and believes that exist among the two parties involved (Holliday, 2002. 712). The paper targets at improving on the quality of the language in Saudi colleges and other learning institutions. If this major problem is solved, then the error that always occurs while learning the second language will also be solved. This makes it very vital to research this topic and find out appropriate results. If wrong results are attained, wrong analysis will be made and thus wrong conclusions. It is therefore important to find the right results from the research and this will mean accurate data collection. Methodological FrameworkThe proposal has various methodological goals and it aims at integrating the existing semantic that are formal. There is need to generalize the existing theories that always account for the distributive readings that have nouns. The dissertation proposal also put into consideration the difference that exists between a noun and a verb. The noun love and the verb, love is a better example to explain this (Dornyei, 2007. 897). This consideration kind is seen to be having an important consequence in the theoretical linguistics due to the similarities that exist between the noun and verb. This consideration is proved to be having important consequences and the theories of synta x need an account that does not differ. In analyzing the formal semantic, it can be said that every word is represented in mathematical expression. In situation where the noun love is used, the expression on the census that exists among the semanticists tends to represent a set of all the states of love (McDonough, McDonough, 1997. 912). Most of the possibilities are always in effect and as much as they are in good linguistic the support exist in each theory (Hinton, 2004. 678). In the case whereby the verb, love is used, semanticists propose different expressions. There are other arguments that will also be explained in the dissertation where the mathematical approach will be based to bring out different expressions that have been expressed by the standing set of distributive operator (Sealey, 2010. 234). This research will use a phenomenological various cases studies in investigating the knowledge of the teachers in the second language (Holliday, 2002. 712). This qualitative sect ion will target individual teachers in the most parts of Saudi. The purpose of the study will aim at describing and interpreting the nature of the selected schools in Saudi and how the second language is used in class during the teaching session (Paltridge, Phakiti, 2010. 826). The phenomenological analysis will be concerned mainly with the understanding of the teachers knowledge and how they use the second language during their classroom teachings. The research will be conducted also through the use of interviews and questionnaires and both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used. This is important because, a certain technique like interview can be used to collect data in either qualitative or quantitative method (Litosseliti, 2010. 687). A much important characteristic of qualitative method is that, there is a distinction between data collection and data analysis. On the other hand, there is always a greater interactivity with qualitative than with quantitative techniq ues. Therefore, for the sake of this research, interviews can be categorized as a qualitative technique. The interview is always considered to be the best method of data collection (Dornyei, 2007. 897). An interview is a research technique that requires one to one contact between the researcher and the correspondent and data can be executed instantly. Both face to face and telephone interviews require the researcher to seek an appointment with the intended respondent. While conducting the interview, the researcher can decide to incorporate a non directive interview in that, the interviewee in not interrupted when talking as there may be other issues that might be of interest (Richards, 2003. 897).One advantage of conducting an interview is that the researcher is capable of attaining a great deal of information from the interviewee, since t... Errors of Learning Second Language for Saudi Learners - 275 Words Errors of Learning Second Language for Saudi Learners (Essay Sample) Content: Errors of learning second language for Saudi learnersNameCourseInstructorInstitutionDate IntroductionThis paper aims at describing the proposal of the dissertation, having quantification and plurality for all the nonlinguistic audience. Just like many other countries, Saudi is among the countries that take English as their second language and this language is basically taught in colleges. In other places, Littlewoods has always managed to classify English learners into two categories putting others in the individualism and others in the collectivism category. The paper will attempt to provide a theoretical background in the error analysis, identify and describe Arabic speakers, discuss the results and the hypothesis of the study. The hypothesis that will be used will be of one kind of distributive in language. This is not a descriptive label whereby the linguists always refer to various phenomenons (Seidman, 1998.532). The hypothesis of this study will be based on the fact that distributive sentences had numerous properties as much as it was distributiveBackgroundAccording to his research, Cramer revealed that, East Asian countries always come out stronger in the collectivist category more than students who came from the Western countries (Cramer, 1997. 892-956). The students in class will tend to view a teacher as an authoritative figure and they are not able to ask questions in class and challenge the teacher. The students always have a problem when it comes to using the right grammar in class thus making them to wait for teachers instructions always. This paper will aim in exploring the errors that occur while a learner is taking English as the second language. It will also aim at giving factors and other reasons why the second language learners have problems while learning new vocabularies. For one to be considered to be English competent, he must have furnished all the four aspects in English namely, writing, reading, listening and speaking . However, this paper will also aim at exploring problems that learners encounter while undergoing the learning process. Suggestions on how best the problem can be solved will be provided including making the language a compulsory subject in all colleges. The dissertation proposal plays a big role in the field of linguistics. It is more specific on what people must have at hand in order to be able to speak and understand linguistic. The main objective of the study is to identify how many kinds of distributive tend to exist in the current human language. The hypothesis that will be used will be of one kind of distributive in language. This is not a descriptive label whereby the linguists always refer to various phenomenons (Seidman, 1998.532). The hypothesis of this study will be based on the fact that distributive sentences had numerous properties as much as it was distributive. In order to make this phenomenon much understanding, a parallel classification is important. Biologists t end not to recognize the linguistic category as much as they may be using it in their day to day activities. For instance, a shrub is a small plant that is woody and has multiple stems. Bugs have most insects as well as spiders and centipedes (Seliger, Shohamy, 1989. 879). The biologists however do not recognize the categories. When scientists claim that shrubs are in the same taxonomic rank, then he will be said to be making false claims because they do not have same DNA. The scientist can otherwise use the word shrub if he wants to make himself clear as long as he is putting them in the same category. This is what is referred to as a descriptive label. Other objectives will include;To analyze via primary case material how policy implementation on linguistic can work in Saudi Arabia.To determine the factors as to why the learners will have much difficulty in their second language.To bring out the difficult learning factors that the second language learners always encounter.To brin g out ways of improving the second language for the Saudi learnersTo determine very specific skills and other numerous capabilities that teachers must equip themselves so as to improve the vocabularies of the second language learners. These objectives are extremely important for the study, since they will aid the researcher in conducting the research as well as achieving the aim of the research. Research objectives are the guiding principle in deciding upon the research methodology or design.ProposalStatement of the problemThe major problem that faces both the teachers and students in Saudi is learning the second language (Cramer, 1997. 892-956). One of the most important tools that were considered to be having a greater potentiality in solving such issues was through the enhancement of school curriculum. More specifically, the dissertation aims to answering the following queries;What are the main teachers factors that make the learners have difficulty in learning vocabulary?What a re the factors of the second language on mainly why the learners are having problems in learning new vocabularies?What are the best ways of improving the vocabularies of the second language learners?What are main specific skills that teachers must have in order to ensure that they help learners vocabularies?This research wills generally emphasis on two main aspects. Teachers will be seen on how he delivers his mechanism and their attitude towards the subject and the language (Rasinger, 2008. 455-876). Students attitude will also be analyzed to determine their preference during their correspondent studies. The paper will therefore aim at not just on the writing but on the preference and believes that exist among the two parties involved (Holliday, 2002. 712). The paper targets at improving on the quality of the language in Saudi colleges and other learning institutions. If this major problem is solved, then the error that always occurs while learning the second language will also be solved. This makes it very vital to research this topic and find out appropriate results. If wrong results are attained, wrong analysis will be made and thus wrong conclusions. It is therefore important to find the right results from the research and this will mean accurate data collection. Methodological FrameworkThe proposal has various methodological goals and it aims at integrating the existing semantic that are formal. There is need to generalize the existing theories that always account for the distributive readings that have nouns. The dissertation proposal also put into consideration the difference that exists between a noun and a verb. The noun love and the verb, love is a better example to explain this (Dornyei, 2007. 897). This consideration kind is seen to be having an important consequence in the theoretical linguistics due to the similarities that exist between the noun and verb. This consideration is proved to be having important consequences and the theories of synta x need an account that does not differ. In analyzing the formal semantic, it can be said that every word is represented in mathematical expression. In situation where the noun love is used, the expression on the census that exists among the semanticists tends to represent a set of all the states of love (McDonough, McDonough, 1997. 912). Most of the possibilities are always in effect and as much as they are in good linguistic the support exist in each theory (Hinton, 2004. 678). In the case whereby the verb, love is used, semanticists propose different expressions. There are other arguments that will also be explained in the dissertation where the mathematical approach will be based to bring out different expressions that have been expressed by the standing set of distributive operator (Sealey, 2010. 234). This research will use a phenomenological various cases studies in investigating the knowledge of the teachers in the second language (Holliday, 2002. 712). This qualitative sect ion will target individual teachers in the most parts of Saudi. The purpose of the study will aim at describing and interpreting the nature of the selected schools in Saudi and how the second language is used in class during the teaching session (Paltridge, Phakiti, 2010. 826). The phenomenological analysis will be concerned mainly with the understanding of the teachers knowledge and how they use the second language during their classroom teachings. The research will be conducted also through the use of interviews and questionnaires and both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used. This is important because, a certain technique like interview can be used to collect data in either qualitative or quantitative method (Litosseliti, 2010. 687). A much important characteristic of qualitative method is that, there is a distinction between data collection and data analysis. On the other hand, there is always a greater interactivity with qualitative than with quantitative techniq ues. Therefore, for the sake of this research, interviews can be categorized as a qualitative technique. The interview is always considered to be the best method of data collection (Dornyei, 2007. 897). An interview is a research technique that requires one to one contact between the researcher and the correspondent and data can be executed instantly. Both face to face and telephone interviews require the researcher to seek an appointment with the intended respondent. While conducting the interview, the researcher can decide to incorporate a non directive interview in that, the interviewee in not interrupted when talking as there may be other issues that might be of interest (Richards, 2003. 897).One advantage of conducting an interview is that the researcher is capable of attaining a great deal of information from the interviewee, since t...

Marketing Inventory Problems Solutions - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 930 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? A – Class or Mass Summary (100 word) Neptune is the North America’s third-largest seafood producer in a high-end business. The company is an upmarket player. Main distribution channels: †¢ grocery chains and retailers; †¢ the best restaurants on its region; †¢ wholesalers; †¢ its own fish market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Marketing: Inventory Problems Solutions" essay for you Create order They are facing a big inventory problem. Reasons †¢ new technologies; †¢ new lows; †¢ growing demand. Proposed solutions †¢ slash prices launching a new mass-market brand; †¢ slight discounts; †¢ sell old ships and launch new product; †¢ new markets. Issues of Sanchez’proposal †¢ destroy premium image, erode brand equity; †¢ price war; cannibalization; †¢ distribution; †¢ markets. B – A similar situation In the everyday struggle with the lifecycles of the market, companies face inventory problems. It is important for them to have adequate inventory levels to accommodate the needs of customers. However, in some cases, as it happened to Neptune , having too much inventory can become a weakness. Idle inventory can be costly and therefore could be a potential threat to company ‘s success. Hence, several companies such as Dell computers, McDonalds, and Toyota have been very successful using an important approach: t he Just In Time Management. Company’s situation: Toyota Motor Corporation and the JIT Japanese corporations cannot afford large amounts of land to warehouse finished products and parts. This was thought to be a disadvantage because it forced the production lot size below the economic lot size. The undesirable result was poor return on investment for a factory. In the same Situation was Toyota Motor Corporation that had to find a strategic solution. Inventory problem solution Usually excess inventory is marked down and sold for a reduced price. The chief engineer at Toyota, Taiichi Ohno,, examined accounting assumptions and realized that another method was possible. The factory could implement JIT system which would require it to be made more flexible and reduce the overhead costs of retooling and thereby reduce the economic lot size to fit the available warehouse space. They created an automatic replenishment system. Because of this system, the company hardly ever had excess inventory because once the inventory levels reached zero it would automatically re-order the product. The Just In Time (JIT) approach. JIT is an inventory strategy implemented to improve the return on investment of a business by reducing in-process inventory and its associated costs. The process is driven by a series of signals that tell production processes when to make the next part. When implemented correctly, JIT can lead to dramatic improvements in a manufacturing organizations return on investment, quality, and efficiency. New stock is ordered when stock drops to the re-order level. This saves warehouse space and costs. However, one drawback of the JIT inventory system is that the re-order level is determined by historical demand. If demand rises above the historical average demand, the firm will deplete inventory faster than usual and cause customer service issues. To meet a 95% service rate a firm must carry about 3 standard deviations of demand in safety stock. Actions they took and outcome for the company Just-in-time (JIT) inventory systems are not a simple method that a company can adopt. It has a whole philosophy that the company had to follow in order to avoid its downsides. In short, the just-in-time inventory system is all about having the right material, at the right time, at the right place, and in the exact amount but its implications are broad for the implementers. To set up this process, over a period of several years Toyota engineers redesigned car models for commonality of tooling for such production processes. Some of the initial results at Toyota were horrible. When a process problem or bad parts surfaced on the production line, the entire production line had to be slowed or even stopped. Many people in Toyota predicted that the initiative would be abandoned for this reason. In the first week, line stops occurred almost hourly. Today line stops fell to a few per week. The result is a severe quality assurance crisis, and a dramatic improvement in product quality. Eventually, Toyota redesigned every part of its vehicles to eliminate or widen tolerances, while simultaneously implementing careful statistical controls. Communication is also a king in a JIT rich supply chain. There is a risk involved with JIT when there is a communication breakdown and the company cannot get the right amount of supplies needed to keep the just-in-time system running smoothly. Therefore, Toyota has developed its own software that connects dealers to factories and factories to suppliers. The integration of the value chain creates visibility for all members of Toyotas supply chain. When a request from a dealer is received by Toyota their software is able to figure out the availability of parts nearby, the time to resequence the assembly line and whether the change would unbalance the line by scheduling, for example, too many models loaded with time-consuming options one right after the other (Fahey, 2004). Because of their new approach, they are known as the master and pioneer of just in time and are currently entering the market to provide customized vehicles to customers with a minimal wait. Source: Business Finance on ttp://www. ssociatedcontent. com/article/5481124/justintime_management_is_the_solution. htm HBR https://www. leandeployment. co. uk/pages/just-in-time. php Similarities and differences between the two companies issues Even if both companies had to face the same inventory problems, services, markets and customers are clearly different. Hence, the same solution would be not be applicable at both companies. Moreover, Neptune had to solve a proble m of getting rid of rising excess of stocks. On the other hand, Toyota had to avoid creating inventories.

Analysis Of Persepolis And The Kite Runner

Erica Spry Professor Moore ENG 209 November 25, 2014 How Two Bildungsromans Challenge Gender Roles in Society In both Persepolis and The Kite Runner, readers are presented with two main characters in search for their own self-realization. According to Lukà ¡cs’s theory, â€Å"the self-realization of the individual ultimately sheds some light also on ‘social reality’† (22). Ultimately, readers are able to gain insight to the social realities of the characters’ nation states in both novels. Persepolis allows readers to learn about women and femininity in Iran’s culture while The Kite Runner provides readers with the social reality of men and masculinity in Afghanistan’s culture. Readers are told the story of Persepolis through the eyes and journey of Marjane (Marji). One example of the social reality of Iran that Persepolis presents to readers is women’s mode of dress. In the beginning of the novel, Marji states, â€Å"Then came 1980: the year it became obligatory to wear the veil at school† (1.4). At this time, Marji is only ten years old, yet she still resists the veil and somewhat realizes the gender inequalities present in her reality. Although both boys’ and girls’ clothes change within their separate schools, girls are the only ones who are required to wear the veil. The hijab is a piece of fabric that women are required to wear -- concealing parts of their face and all of their hair. Not only is this a significant part of the social reality, but this is a legalShow MoreRelatedLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 PagesMusic, by Peter Ackroyd (1992)[39] The Gods Laugh on Mondays, by Reza Khoshnazar (1995) About a Boy, by Nick Hornby (1998) The Perks of Being a Wallflower, by Stephen Chbosky (1999)[40] Persepolis, by Marjane Satrapi (2000)[41] 21st century[edit] The Secret Life of Bees, by Sue Monk Kidd (2002)[42] The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini (2003)[43] The Fortress of Solitude, by Jonathan Lethem (2003) [44] Never Let Me Go, by Kazuo Ishiguro (2005)[30] Looking for Alaska, by John Green (2005) Indecision

The Use of Social Networking Sites - 1657 Words

By Ogechi Ebere By Ogechi Ebere Their Advantages, Abuses and Dangers. Their Advantages, Abuses and Dangers. The Use of Social Networking Sites The Use of Social Networking Sites Introduction: Human beings by and large are social. They feel an inherent need to connect and expand their connections. There is a deep rooted need among humans to share. In the past, due to geographical distances and economic concerns, connections between people were limited. A social network is made up of individuals that are connected to one another by a particular type of interdependency. It could be ideas, values, trade, anything. Social networks operate on many levels. Initially social networking happened at family functions where all relative and friends†¦show more content†¦2) Reducing Worker Productivity There has been evidence to suggest social networking sites are harming businesses. Their employees are wasting time right throughout the day by participating in social networking sites rather than actually working. It has been stated that Facebook alone is accountable to wasting more than  £130 million a day in the UK. 3) How Much Do Social Networking Sites Know? Perhaps social networking sites have learnt a bit too much information for comfort, Facebook knows via their program Facebook Beacon that analyses our natural online behaviour - how long we are on the internet for, how often we visit certain websites etc. They monitor your activity even when you arent actually even logged in to Facebook! 4) Potential to Cause Harm There has been many reported cases, where fake accounts have been made, that lead to horrific tragedies. Such as in October 2006 a fake MySpace account was created that was given the name of Josh Evans that was closely linked to the suicide of Megan Meier. 5) The Case of Cyber-Bullying As many young teenagers are using social networking sites as a form of communication, this just provides bullies with another opportunity to traumatise their victims. With fewShow MoreRelatedUse Of Social Networking Sites ( Snss ) From The Academic Literature899 Words   |  4 PagesThe lack of recommendations on the use of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) from the academic literature (148 words) The lack of recommendations on the use of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) from the academic literature is a huge problem of the study on SNSs. First, it does not prove the readers with any straightforward recommendations on the use of SNSs. Secondly, the researchers rely on previous ideas proposed by academics and, in many cases, do not attempt to confirm or dispel a suspension with theirRead MoreUse Of Social Networking Sites On An Individual s Mental Health1855 Words   |  8 PagesQuestion: What are the effects (if there are any) of the use of Social Networking Sites on an individual’s mental health? Abstract This paper takes a comprehensive look at the effects of the use of social networking sites on an individual’s mental and psychological health. Are the effects positive, negative or can they be both? This article will look at the work of scholars who differ in opinion and discuss what else can be done to help form a concrete answer and solution to the question. Most ofRead MoreThe Effect of the Use of Social Networking Sites in the Workplace on Job Performance18692 Words   |  75 PagesTHE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL Submitted to Texas AM International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION May 2012 Concentration: Management Information Systems THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL SubmittedRead MoreGerman Legislation Banned The Use Of Information From Social Networking Sites1476 Words   |  6 PagesIn August 2010, German legislation banned the use of information from social networking sites when used in the employment process, but permitted the use of publically available information on job networking sites, such as LinkedIn. In fact, the Interior Minister, Thomas de Maizià ©re, recognized that social media is a private right stating that private social networks are private and not to be used as gateways for gaining information on job applicants. Though it may be difficult to prove that aRead MoreInternet Addiction: Use of Social Networking Sites and Its Impact on Intermediate Students3248 Words   |  13 PagesINTERNET ADDICTION: USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERMEDIATE STUDENTS Abstract: Widespread use of internet has led to a kind of addiction. The present study examined the use of Internet and getting addicted to the social networking sites and on the whole its impact on intermediate level students. The sample comprised of 285 students out of which the addicts were pulled out. The tools used were questionnaire developed by Dr. Kimberly Young, the IAT which is a 20-item questionnaireRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagescetera. The form of communication that has rapidly increased over the years is social networking sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Google Plus, et cetera. In fact, according to Pew Internet, as of 2012, eighty-one percent of teenagers who use the Internet are using it for social networking sites (Madden et al.). Furthermore, as of May 2013, seventy-two percent of adults who are online are social networking sites users, which is five percent higher than a year ago and sixty-four percent hig herRead MoreSocial Networking Sites Among People1130 Words   |  5 Pageswith high self-esteem use Facebook for number of hours to enhance their social life. People who are narcissist by nature are prone to get addicted easily to social networking sites. People who are extravert spend more time on Facebook to enhance their social life. 2.0 Introduction Social networking sites help diversity of people of different culture to communicate with each other. In this era we have got many social networking sites, but amongst them the most opted site by the people is FacebookRead MoreAre Social Networking Sites Good for a Society?1846 Words   |  7 PagesSocial networking sites can be deemed this century’s phenomenon. These websites have, throughout the years, grown from having at least 10,000 members logging on daily, to 1,000,000 active users daily. According to Danah M. Boyd and Nicole B. Ellison, social networking sites are â€Å"web-based services that allow individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connectionsRead MoreSocial Networking Sites Have Brought More Problems Than Benefits to Society.983 Words   |  4 PagesSocial networking sites are a new revolution that deserves our att ention, as we ourselves are part of this revolution. Social networking is an umbrella term that refers to the various activities that integrate technology, social interaction, and construction of words, pictures, audio and videos. Simply put, social networking is about the million of conversations that take place all over the world on social networking sites, which includes Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, online forums, etc. ProponentsRead MoreExample Chapter1 of Research Paper1725 Words   |  7 Pagescontribute to the growth of the media. However, upon the development of social networking sites, the web was opened to the world and was able to fulfill its purpose: to provide people all over the world a never ending way of connecting. â€Å"Nothing has changed the Web more than the rise of social networking sites.† Upon the rise of the internet’s popularity, different programmers and developers designed a variety of web sites which enabled the users to gather information quicker and easier, to

Body Positivity Argumentative Essay - 1201 Words

â€Å"The Negatives of Body Positivity† â€Å"Love your curves!† â€Å"You go, girl!† â€Å"Don’t let the haters get to you, sweetie.† These are just some of the comments I stumble upon on someone’s body positive Instagram post. The post is often a photo of the said person - be it a selfie or a full body photo - along with hashtags such as â€Å"#bodypositivity,† â€Å"#loveyourself,† â€Å"#bodyacceptance,† and other hashtags along those lines. It also isn’t uncommon for me to come across body positive articles by media outlets like Buzzfeed or Huffington Post on my timeline, with headlines such as â€Å"X Star is a Huge Inspiration for the Body Positive Movement† or â€Å"X Star Opens Up about Body Positivity† appearing more frequently on my news feed. People are starting to talk†¦show more content†¦Part of the Body Positivity culture also includes the comments that accompany these Body Positivity posts - about how one should keep doing what he/she is doing, and how that said person shouldn’t listen to body shamers. The movement has become mainstre am, but is the movement really as good as it sounds? The movement doesn’t sound bad at all. However, underneath that thin veneer of inspirational messages lies the true nature of the movement and the problems that arise with it. First, the Body Positivity Movement has the tendency to be exclusive. When scrolling down the body positivity tag on websites, majority of the posts you see feature plus sized women. It’s rare that one will come across a body positivity tag with a photo of a skinny or muscular or average sized body, and it’s even rarer to see the tag accompanied with a photo of a man. If body positivity is supposedly for everyone, why is it that we don’t see enough of average sized or skinny women, and men? Why is it that the photos that accompany media articles about body positivity are mostly photos of overweight or obese women? There shouldn’t be any exclusivity within the movement, because where there is exclusivity, there is a tendency to bash those who aren’t included - which then leads to my second point. Next, there is the matter of â€Å"skinny shaming,† which, according to urbandictionary,Show MoreRelatedThe Pop Star Of Hip Hop Sensation1150 Words   |  5 PagesMinaj and Lady Gaga’s characteristic that they both are feminist pop star. They look at things from the perspective of progressive women and express in their own ways. Their colours aren’t one off its commonly seen in their oeuvres. In particular this essay will look at the relationship between their music videos, interviews and lyrics and feminism. Feminism is a political and social movement. Feminism is about changing the way and has always fought to make sure that people see male and female rightsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesMachiavellianism Scale—MACH IV 536 SKILL LEARNING 538 Leading Positive Change 538 Ubiquitous and Escalating Change 539 The Need for Frameworks 539 Tendencies Toward Stability 540 A Framework for Leading Positive Change 542 Establishing a Climate of Positivity 544 Creating Readiness for Change 550 Articulating a Vision of Abundance 553 Generating Commitment to the Vision 557 Institutionalizing the Positive Change 562 SKILL ANALYSIS 568 Cases Involving Leading Positive Change 568 Corporate Vision StatementsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pageson Social Networking †¢ New section on Persuasive Communication strategies †¢ Discussion of how to fra me messages for maximum impact †¢ Discussion of the effects of authority, expertise, and liking on communication effectiveness †¢ Updated discussion of body language in communication †¢ Introduces new ideas about the effects of electronic communications †¢ New Point–Counterpoint (Social Networking Is Good Business) †¢ New An Ethical Choice (The Ethics of Gossip at Work) †¢ New Case Incident (Using Social Media

Money Does Not Bring Happiness Free Essays

There’s an opinion which says that money brings happiness. Some people agree with it, others not. The discussion has lasted for a long time and still there are different points of view about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Money Does Not Bring Happiness or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nowadays, we can divide our society into two groups of people: those whose life is centered around money and others who know that there are more important things than being rich. The latter are aware that wealthy people often aren’t able to have a real friend. People who surround the wealthy, are only expecting for themselves. Moreover, there are people who believe that money can be a medicine for everything. But they make a mistake, as no sum of cash can prevent us from old age, loneliness, diseases, accidents, death or stuff like this. And it’s useful to remember that money is a fragile thing, which we can lose at any time. In addition, wealth makes people less sensitive. They aren’t able to notice both poverty, which is around them, and needs of others. However, money is the basic means, which lets people make their dreams come true – the dreams, which have been unavailable since one’s childhood, like travelling all over the world or buying a villa, that’s all to compensate a misery of someone’s childhood. Thanks to having money it’s easier in our life to establish ourselves. Cash can be helpful in achieving many goals like finishing our education. What’s more, money lets us buy basic products which are essential to our daily existence. Human can’t live without eating. We have to be able to earn some money to dress up properly. To sum up the issue is far from solving but it seems that even though money is useful to life we can’t buy the most important things – love or friendship. I think that human has to use money in proper way, without harming others. However, I presume that words: â€Å"Money doesn’t bring happiness† can’t exist in present world, because everything circles around money. How to cite Money Does Not Bring Happiness, Essay examples

Character Exercises of Blood Brothers Essay Example For Students

Character Exercises of Blood Brothers Essay At the start of the exam, we were given a large piece of sugar paper with characters names written on them. We were then asked to write down some personality traits of the character in front of us, and then move it around the circle so we all ended up with a different character in front of us. After a few times of repeating this, we were asked to then write down some things about their appearance. It was interesting to see what the stereotypes given to certain characters. For example, because Mickey is part of the lower class, we assume that he is dirty and scruffy, but we also stereotype Mr. Lyons as being very neat and clean because he is of the upper middle class. We will write a custom essay on Character Exercises of Blood Brothers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mickey  Mickey is the son that Mrs. Johnstone kept. He is quite scruffy and attends a public school. He is quite unsuccessful in the things that he tries to succeed in, but finally his dreams come true when he finally marries Linda. He has a common Liverpool accent and where he is part of the lower class, finally turns to crime to support his family. Eddie  Eddie is the twin that Mrs. Johnstone gave away to Mrs. Lyons. He is very neat and proper, but finds all the naughty things that Mickey does very exciting. He attends private school and does not have a Liverpool accent. He does not know that Mickey is his real brother. Mrs. Johnstone  Mrs. Johnstone is mother to Sammy, Edward, and Mickey. She did have a job as a cleaner, but lost this when the twins were born. She tries her hardest for her children but cannot seem to get off of the housing estate. She is very superstitious and protective over Mickey. Mrs. Lyons  Mrs. Lyons acts as Edwards mother. She is quite wealthy and very prudish. At the beginning of the play we feel sorry for her, as she cannot have her own children, but shortly after she stars to become mental with her wanting to be safe from Mrs. Johnstone. She is eventually driven to insanity and tries to kill Mrs. Johnstone. Mr. Lyons  Mr. Lyons acts as Edwards father. He does not know that Edward is not his own son, and cannot understand why Mrs. Lyons is becoming so crazy. He seems to be quite smart and hardworking for his family, and always puts the needs of others before his own. Linda  Linda is a childhood friend to both Eddie and Mickey. She has a Liverpool accent and lives in council estates. She does get married to Mickey, but is driven away when he becomes addicted to prescription pills. She has an affair with Edward and could be the person to blame for the tragic ending to this play. Sammy  Sammy is the rogue of the Johnstone family. He is always up to mischief and doesnt seem to get anywhere in his life. Mickey wishes to be like him at first, but as Sammy gets older he seems to get more and more out of control. Tensions between characters  The lines between names represent tension between the characters  Mickey Eddie  Sammy Linda  Mrs. Johnstone Mr. Lyons  Mrs. Lyons  After completing this exercise, we were then asked to stand at one end of the room and were asked various questions. We then had to go and stand at the name which we felt w s the answer for the question.  Who do you feel the most sorry for?  For this question the most common answer was Mickey, as obviously he has had a very hard life. He has lead a very under privileged lifestyle and no matter how hard he tries he never seems to get anywhere. Personally I felt sorry for Mrs. Lyons, as her want for a baby led to her mental downfall. She let her paranoia get to her so much that she didnt feel safe. Not only that, she had to hide a huge secret from her husband for many years. .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .postImageUrl , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:hover , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:visited , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:active { border:0!important; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:active , .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7d0a3e29b766ce18303ea4b73b37e08f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Blood Brothers written by Willy Russell EssayWho is the most secure?  I think that Mr. Lyons is the most secure as he doesnt know about any of the lies and superstitions that have been created in the play. He also has a good job, house and a seemingly loving family. He is oblivious to everything that goes on behind scenes, which perhaps could make him the least secure in the truth, but seems to be the most secure in his happiness Who is the most successful?  I think that either Eddie or Mrs. Lyons is the most successful. Eddie is the most successful in an academic manner. He attended a good school, has a good job and is well looked after. Mrs Lyons however, is the most successful in happiness and what she wants. She has managed to manipulate everyone into giving her exactly what she wants. This unfortunately causes her downfall in the end. Who is the most intelligent?  Again, I believe that the most intelligent person in this play is Mrs. Lyons. She is very good at manipulating people, and is very smart at cover stories. She also manages to trick Mrs. Johnstone into believing in a superstition that she invented herself. This helps her to gain a son. She also makes Mrs. Johnstone swear on the bible, knowing she is superstitious and unable to break her word.  Who is the wisest?  In my opinion Mrs. Johnstone is the wisest as she has the most life experience. She has had her ups and downs, and has still managed to raise 8 children, pretty much by herself, even when she is unemployed in lower class Liverpool. She may not have the highest intelligence of all the characters, but in my opinion I think she is wiser than everyone else. Who is the most deprived?  I personally think that Eddie is the most deprived in the sense of the truth. He has been brought up all his life thinking that Mr. and Mrs. Lyons were his real parents, when actually Mrs. Johnstone is his mother. Although Mickey has been deprived of materialistic things, Eddie has been deprived of his whole family. He has been living a lie his whole life, which is why I think he is the most deprived. Family is more important that material goods.

mom Essays - Geda, Flix Restrepo Meja, Constantin Brancusi

Finding the Essence El art?culo titulado ?Finding the Essence? es sobre la interpretaci?n del arte escult?rico de Mona Saudi (la artista). Desde su infacia Mona se interes? por la lectura y elementos art?sticos. Uno de sus pasatiempos favoritos en su infacia era jugar en un lugar donde se encontraban las ruinas de una fuente romana. Mona quer?a estudiar en la universidad pero su padre se lo prohibi?, Mona decidi? escaparse de su casa ubicada en la capital de Jordania donde fue criada. Mona siempre fue una persona creativa y quer?a expandir sus conocimientos en el arte. A la edad de siete a?os sentia que deb?a ser un ser libre. Ella se ubic? en una ciudad llamada Beirut, all? se juntaba con los artistas del pueblo. Al adquirir conocimientos decide viajar a Paris, sue?o que tuvo desde ni?a, lleg? all? en febrero de 1964. Al poner pie en Paris fu? a la casa de Halim Hurdak, la ?nica persona que conoc?a en aquel inmenso lugar, su amigo la llev? a un hotel que pagaba un dolar por d?a. Estando en Paris ingres ? a la Escuela de Bellas Arters, all? comienz? sus estudios escult?ricos. Su primer trabajo fue hecho en piedra, Mona lo llam? ?Mother/Earth?, ?ste fue inspirado en el escultor romano Constantin Brancusi. Esta obra de Mona fu? una de gran admiraci?n ya que integr? la obra org?nica o natural del arte, integrando el aspecto geom?trcio. Otras de las ilusiones que le daba a sus esculturas era la ?ilusi?n del espacio? inspirada por la escultora inglesa Barbara Hepworth y Henry Moore , estos dieron gran importancia al estilo de la artista Mona Saudi. Algunas de sus esculturas fueron hechas con jade, las m?s conocidas fueron: ?Sunrise?, ?Dawn? y ?Nocturne?; en ?stas enfatiz? el sentido geom?trico del arte. En las mejores obras de Mona Saudi se encuentra la obra ?The Geometry of the Soul? la est? hecha de m?rmol. Otra obra emblem?tica de la d?cada de 1980 fue ?Variations on Arabic ?N? ? esta tambi?n fue hecha en m?rmol. Las obras m?s recientes de la escultora fueron: ?Woman/River,? ?Woman/B ird y ?Woman/Water?. Estas obras tiene un aspecto de fluidez y siluetas ondulantes. Mona es una mujer que ya va a cumplir 65 a?os pero que vive una vida llena de sue?os que nunca dejar? de alcanzar, es una persona muy exitosa y emprendedora. Mona se reconcili? con su padre y a su madre siempre la va a recordar como su protectora e inspiraci?n. En mi opini?n puedo persibir que ella es una persona que nunca se dar? por vencida debido a sus acciones. Me encanta como persibe el arte ya que no s?lo le da importancia sino porque integra elementos diferentes en cada uno de ellos. En mi parte me gustan las artes y por esto escog? este art?culo, pienso que es una forma nueva de ver el arte y una forma para animarse a alcanzar todo lo que te propongas, especialmente me ense?a a seguir so?ando, ser creativa y disfrutar la vida al m?ximo. J

A Sample of Essay Writing

A Sample of Essay WritingA sample of essay writing consists of the text that has been translated into written form. By nature, all essays are written to please and impress.The use of word count or length in writing an essay is something that may seem obvious, but it is important to bear in mind the word count that you are using for your sample of essay writing. As a rule, a very long essay does not suit well to a teacher's handbook and does not do well with the students. Using words to convey thoughts can be very hard, but if you use them too much you may come across as too formal.We have already established that a sample of essay writing must contain proper punctuation, and if a word is missing from the essay, no matter how long the piece is, it will be apparent that you have missed an important word. So, remember to keep your word count in mind when writing your essay. Once you have mastered this skill, you will find it easier to put more words in your sample.The most important fac t to remember is that a good writer can earn money and will not lose sleep over errors in grammar. It is important to remember that the correctness of the writing must be a priority. A student who expects to get a good grade on their essay may find their mind wandering and find that the essay will not be graded.These days, students are encouraged to send in their essays online for assessment. With the advent of this technology, there is no excuse not to use the software to check the accuracy of the content. The software will give you an idea if your essay is good, fair or poor.If you are one of those students who do not believe in writing an essay, then why not write one yourself? It is easier than you think, just follow the steps here:Step one: Choose the subject of your essay. Find out what the topic is. This information will help you to narrow down the word count and to focus on the topics that are the most important to the topic.

Oceanography Exam 2 Essays

Oceanography Exam 2 Essays Oceanography Exam 2 Paper Oceanography Exam 2 Paper What best explains why the atmosphere transports heat toward the poles? the latitudinal imbalance of incoming solar radiation The Coriolis parameter is at largest _______ and zero at the _____. poles and equator The prevailing winds on each side of the equator are: Easterly winds Geostrophy is the balance between what 2 forces? Pressure gradient and Coriolis What hemisphere does ONLY cyclonic flow rotate counter-clockwise? Northern Hemisphere Neutrally buoyant (sub-surface) ocean current floats are best tracked using: sonar In the Northern Hemisphere, the NET motion of water in an Ekman spiral is ______ the wind direction. 90 degrees to the right of. What factor best explains why the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is so unique? its east-west path is uninterrupted by continents Waters diverge to form subpolar gyres because of which two prevailing wind systems? Westerlies and Polar Easterlies. Subtropical gyres in the Southern Hemisphere flow: counter-clockwise What is the underlying cause of the westward intensification of subtropical gyres? Weak Coriolis parameter near the equator Subtropical gyre western boundary currents are: warm In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes fluids to be deflected to the ____ of their natural path, and geostrophic balance would cause ocean currents to flow ____around seas surface lows. right counter-clockwise. What scenario would most likely produce coastal upwelling? southerly winds along the South American west coast Coastal upwelling water tend to be: cold and nutrient rich Why is there a cold tongue in the easter tropical pacific? upwelling due to Ekman divergence What condition does not characterize El Nino? high rainfall in Indonesia El Nino events occur approximately every ___ years. 2-7 years In the Walker Circulation, what force balances the pressure gradient force? nothing Which factors form a positive feedback loop in the equatorial Pacific? warm pool atmospheric low strong winds Once Surface waters become dense enough to form deep waters, what is the most likely reason that their temperature would change significantly in the deep sea? by mixing with other water masses How does sea surface salinity near the equator compare to that of the subtropical gyres? lower near equator due to higher precipitation The most common reason for the existence of the pynocline is that _____ decreases with increasing depth. temperature The mixed layer will typically extends to a depth of about: 100-200m What sources of energy directly drive the upwelling that leads to the thermohaline circulation? winds and tides Which is NOT a mechanism leading to denser surface water and therefore deep water formation? increased runoff from melting ice sheets Wave orbits are negligible at depths below: 1/2 wavelength The only wave type restored by cohesion is: capillary A wave that propagates away from a disturbance without without continued application of force is called: free Which wave type is almost always considered a shallow water wave? tsunami Which is NOT a characteristic of shallow water waves? cannot break Which factor does NOT contribute to large wave growth? high temperature Deep water wave celerity depends on the variable _____, while shallow water wave celerity depends on the variable ____. wavelength, water depth A wind wave is approaching shore first contacts the seafloor at a water depth of: Waves usually break when their height exceeds: 1/7 wavelength Why do waves bend (refract) as they approach shore? speed is decreased in shallow water A tsunami is usually imperceptible to a ship at sea because it has a: very long wavelength The Sumatra tsunami of December 2004 was caused by a: subduction zone earth quake Why does an unusual sea level drop often precede the arrival a tsunami? the trough of the tsunami wave sometimes arrives before the crest What technology does the pacific tsunami warning network rely on? pressure sensors on the seafloor THe equilibrium theory of the tides would apply for a hypothetical Earth: completely covered by a very deep ocean. The gravitational attraction between two celestial objects increases with their ____, and decreases with the square of their____. masses.. distances In Earth-moon system, where are gravitational attraction and intertia in balance? center of earth On earth, solar tides are about ____ the strength of lunar tides. half Neap (weak) tids occur: during quarter moons The side of Earth facing the moon will have a high tide while th opposite side of the Earth will have: a high tide

9 Things I Learned From Rewriting My First Childrens Books Series

9 Things I Learned From Rewriting My First Childrens Books Series 9 Things I Learned From Rewriting My First Children's Book Series As a primary school teacher, Heather B. Moon always knew she eventually wanted to write books for children. She also felt that she had a leg up in terms of knowing her market. In this article, she discusses what she learned from rewriting her first series of children's books with the help of a professional developmental editor.   Lessons learned? You can see how I made changes that addressed the problems that we talked about earlier:Introducing secondary characters: I brought other characters into the story in a more entertaining way. But more importantly, I have introduced them through Lottie’s eyes! She is still the main focus of the story, and the people around her have been woven into the action instead of taking the main stage.Show, don’t tell: I must admit it took me a while to get the hang of this - but once I did, my brain fizzed and frothed with ideas. See what I did there? Don’t say: â€Å"I thought of an idea† - that is boring adult speech. If your character is feeling frightened, write something like: â€Å"I felt a giant chunk of ice plop into my tummy.† This is much more appealing to a child and gets the feeling across that the character is scared.Make current, relatable references: Kids might not know what a DVD is - but I’ll bet they can all identify with hoping for WiFi to continue their interrupted iPad games!The young readers I have shared Lottie’s story with have responded well - and a lot of it is thanks to the changes that Rachel and I made to my dialogue and prose. 9 tips for writing books that children will want to read again and again. That’s the best tip I have for other writers looking to publish children’s books: understand how your little readers see the world and talk to them on their level. It might not be as easy as 1-2-3, but with supportive people in your corner, you’ll be on your way to sparking the imaginations of a new generation of readers.Please share your thoughts, experiences, or any questions for Heather B. Moon  in the comments below!Lottie Saves the Dolphins is available on Amazon and on Amazon Kindle!

ASSESSMENT 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ASSESSMENT 2 - Essay Example This demonstrates the interdependence that exists between the managerial decisions made by the two firms and this affects the pricing and output in the market. Monopolistic market structure is characterized by the presence of multiple of firms that sell similar but non-identical products to equally informed consumers. Consumers are thus presented with an opportunity of picking either product from any of the consumers, as they are substitutes of each other and thus serve the same purpose. Edward Chamberlin and Joan Robinson first described the monopolistic market structures in the 1930s and generated the characteristics of such a market. Duopoly and monopolistic market structures differ significantly in the number of producers, type of goods and the government influence that is exerted in each situation. This paper seeks to highlight the differences between the two market structures and this affects the performances of the firms involved. The paper also seeks to provide a case study of firms in the united states that operate under the two different market structures and how their success and failure has been influenced by this market struct ure (Weron and Weron, 438). The first obvious characteristic of duopoly market is the presence of only two firms, sellers or produces whose actions or lack of it affects the managerial decisions of the other. For long, a number of firms in the United States have operated under a duopoly market structure but has since changed due innovation and technological advancement. Pepsi and Coca-Cola are the major soft drink manufacturers in the United States and they literally control the market and its dynamics. Visa and MasterCard have also remained as the major plastic money providers not just in the United States but also in major economies around the world (Weron and Weron, 439). In a duopoly market structure, the decisions made by one of

Reforming the U.S. Corporate Tax System to Increase Tax Essay

Reforming the U.S. Corporate Tax System to Increase Tax Competitiveness - Essay Example Center of discussion in this paper is taxation as the means by which the sovereign body raises income through collection from natural or juridical persons to defray the expenses of the government so that the latter could perform its functions. Without taxes, the government cannot exist as it will not be able to deliver the services expected from them by the constituents. Although one of the fundamental powers of the State, the exercise of the power of taxation however should not be abused. Certain principles must guide its application so as to make it as equitable and efficient to all stakeholders as it must be. Since taxation generally depends on income, taxes should be proportionate thereto and should not go beyond the net income; otherwise, the same would constitute as part of the expense already that could deprive the income-earner of the fruits of his labor. However, certain rules and practices in the taxation system of the United States appear to violate the principle of equity . This results to resentment, loss of bigger revenues, lesser capital investments in the country, and ultimately, deprivation of better economic life for the citizenry. There are two (2) kinds of international tax systems: (i) worldwide; and (ii) territorial. The United States system of taxation is classified as worldwide as it imposes taxes on all incomes derived by the United States domestic companies within and outside its territorial jurisdiction. However, the United States allows tax credits of tax payments made by these companies in country where the income or profit was produced. This was made in order to avoid the apparent double taxation of the same income. This tax credit is allowed only up to the extent of the tax rate imposed in the United States. Thus, if the tax paid in a foreign country based on the income derived by a United States domestic company therein is much higher than the tax supposed to be collected by the United States, the difference thereof is not chargea ble against the other tax liabilities of said domestic company. This however, is generally fair and the United States has no fault on this aspect. The problem however lies with respect to businesses made by domestic corporations in another country which practices territorial system of taxation. Territorial system of taxation is a form of taxation wherein domestic corporations are taxed only for income derived within the country’s territorial jurisdiction. Hence, income derived by the domestic corporations from outside the country is tax-exempt. Here, the problem lies with the global competitiveness of companies incorporated in the United States which, as mentioned before, practices worldwide system of taxatio

Difference Between Memory And Data Storage Computer Science Essay

Difference Between Memory And Data Storage Computer Science Essay The terms memory and data storage are often confused. Both memory and data storage are means by which a computer keeps data used to perform tasks. Both of them are measured in bytes. The term memory refers to the amount of Random Access Memory (RAM) but also includes Read-Only Memory (ROM) installed in the computer, whereas the term storage refers to the capacity of the computers hard disk. Figure 12: Difference between Memory and Data Storage For example, in figure 12, the file cabinet represents the computers hard disk, which provides storage for all the files and information we need in your office. When we come in to work, we take out the files we need from storage and put them on our desk for easy access while we work on them. The desk is like memory in the computer. It holds the information and data we need to have handy while youre working. The main difference between memory and data storage is their function. Storage is used to hold all the computers information. Data stored in the hard disk is permanent and it is not lost when the computer is turned off. When we delete a file, only the access to that file is removed, not the information itself. To permanently delete a file, the hard disk must be formatted or overwritten. It is even possible that even though a disk has been formatted, an expert can still view the information. Memory and data storage can work together. When the computer does not have enough RAM to support its processes, it converts a portion of the hard disk into virtual memory. Virtual memory acts the same way RAM does. However, since it is a part of the hard disk, using virtual memory slows the computer down. 2.2 Internal Memory and External Memory Computer internal memory is used to store data that is used by the system at startup and to run various types of programs such as the operating system. Typically, internal memory is contained on small microchips that are either attached or connected to the computers motherboard. Computer memory can range from a couple of megabytes to several gigabytes. SRAM, DRAM, and ROM are the example of internal memory. External computer memory is technically any storage device that we can connect to our computer to record data. Flash drives, HDD with USB cable, any SD card are the example of external memory. 2.3 Hierarchy of Storage Generally, the lower a storage is in the hierarchy, the lesser its bandwidth and the greater its access latency is from the CPU. This traditional division of storage to primary, secondary, tertiary and off-line storage is also guided by cost per bit. Historically, memory has been called core, main memory, real storage or internal memory while storage devices have been referred to as secondary storage, external memory or peripheral storage. 2.3.1 Primary Storage In computer memory the term primary storage or primary memory is used for the information in physical systems which function at high-speed as a difference from secondary storage. Primary storage often referred to simply as memory, is the only one directly accessible to the CPU. The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. Main memory is directly or indirectly connected to the central processing unit via a memory bus. It is actually two buses, an address bus and a data bus. The CPU firstly sends a number through an address bus, a number called memory address that indicates the desired location of data. Then it reads or writes the data itself using the data bus. Additionally, a memory management unit (MMU) is a small device between CPU and RAM recalculating the actual memory address, for example to provide an abstraction of virtual memory or other tasks. 2.3.2 Secondary Storage Secondary storage or secondary memory is physical devices for program and data storage which are slow to access but offer higher memory capacity. It differs from primary storage in that it is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate area in primary storage. Secondary storage does not lose the data when the device is powered down because it is non-volatile. In modern computers, hard disk drives are usually used as secondary storage and it is typically about a million times slower than memory. Some other examples of secondary storage technologies are USB flash drives, floppy disks, magnetic tape, paper tape, punched cards, standalone RAM disks, and Iomega Zip drives. 2.3.3 Tertiary storage Tertiary storage or tertiary memory provides a third level of storage. Typically it involves a robotic mechanism which will mount and dismount removable mass storage media into a storage device according to the systems demands, these data are often copied to secondary storage before use. It is much slower than secondary storage. This is primarily useful for extraordinarily large data stores, accessed without human operators. When a computer needs to read information from the tertiary storage, it will first consult a catalog database to determine which tape or disc contains the information and then the computer will instruct a robotic arm to fetch the medium and place it in a drive. When the computer has finished reading the information, the robotic arm will return the medium to its place in the library. 2.3.4 Off-line storage Off-line storage is computer data storage on a medium or a device that is not under the control of a processing unit. The medium is recorded, usually in a secondary or tertiary storage device and then physically removed or disconnected. It must be inserted or connected by a human operator before a computer can access it again. Unlike tertiary storage, it cannot be accessed without human interaction. Off-line storage is used to transfer information. Additionally, in case a disaster like a fire destroys the original data, a medium in a remote location will probably be unaffected, enabling disaster recovery. In modern personal computers, most secondary and tertiary storage media are also used for off-line storage. Optical discs and flash memory devices are most popular, and to much lesser extent removable hard disk drives. In enterprise uses, magnetic tape is predominant. Older examples are floppy disks, Zip disks, or punched cards. 2.4 Characteristics of Storage 2.4.1 Volatility Volatile memory is computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information and non-volatile memory is computer memory that can retain the stored information even when not powered. That is why the contents of RAM are erased when the power of the computer is turned off but ROM holds its data indefinitely. The fastest memory technologies of today are volatile ones. Non-volatile memory is suitable for long-term storage of information. 2.4.2 Mutability Read/write storage or mutable storage allows information to be overwritten at any time. A computer without some amount of read/write storage for primary storage purposes would be useless for many tasks. Modern computers typically use read/write storage also for secondary storage. Read only storage retains the information stored at the time of manufacture, and allows the information to be written only once at some point after manufacture. These are called immutable storage. Immutable storage is used for tertiary and off-line storage. Examples include CD-ROM and CD-R. Slow write, fast read storage is the read/write storage which allows information to be overwritten multiple times, but with the write operation being much slower than the read operation. Examples include CD-RW and flash memory. 2.4.3 Accessibility In random access, any location in storage can be accessed at any moment in approximately the same amount of time. Such characteristic is well suited for primary and secondary storage. Most semiconductor memories and disk drives provide random access. In sequential access, the accessing of pieces of information will be in a serial order, one after the other, therefore the time to access a particular piece of information depends upon which piece of information was last accessed. Such characteristic is typical of off-line storage. 2.4.4 Addressability In modern computers, location-addressable storage usually limits to primary storage. Each individually accessible unit of information in storage is selected with its numerical memory address. In modern computers, secondary, tertiary and off-line storage use files addressable systems. Information is divided into files of variable length, and a particular file is selected with human-readable directory and file names. Content-addressable storage can be implemented using software or hardware, hardware being faster but more expensive option. Each individually accessible unit of information is selected based on the basis of the contents stored there. 2.4.5 Capacity The total amount of stored information that a storage device or medium can hold is raw capacity. Memory storage density is a measure of the quantity of information bits that can be stored on a given length of track, area of surface, or in a given volume of a computer storage medium. Generally, higher density is more desirable, for it allows greater volumes of data to be stored in the same physical space. Density therefore has a direct relationship to storage capacity of a given medium. 2.4.6 Performance Latency is a measure of time delay experienced in a system, the precise definition of which depends on the system and the time being measured. The time it takes to access a particular location in storage. The relevant unit of measurement is typically nanosecond for primary storage, millisecond for secondary storage, and second for tertiary storage. It may make sense to separate read latency and write latency, and in case of sequential access storage, minimum, maximum and average latency. In communication networks, such as Ethernet or packet radio, throughput or network throughput is the average rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel. In computer data storage, throughput is usually expressed in terms of megabytes per second, though bit rate may also be used. As with latency, read rate and write rate may need to be differentiated. Also accessing media sequentially, as opposed to randomly, typically yields maximum throughput. 2.5 Fundamental Storage Technologies The most commonly used data storage technologies are semiconductor, magnetic, and optical, while paper still sees some limited usage. Some other fundamental storage technologies have also been used in the past or are proposed for development. 2.5.1 Semiconductor Semiconductor memory is an electronic data storage device, often used as computer memory, implemented on a semiconductor-based integrated circuit. A semiconductor memory chip may contain millions of tiny transistors or capacitors. It is made in many different types and technologies. Semiconductor memory has the property of random access, which means that it takes the same amount of time to access any memory location. Semiconductor memory also has much faster access times than other types of data storage. A byte of data can be written to or read from semiconductor memory within a few nanoseconds, while access time for rotating storage such as hard disks is in the range of milliseconds. For these reasons it is used for main computer memory or primary storage, to hold data the computer is currently working on, among other uses. 2.5.2 Magnetic Magnetic storage uses different patterns of magnetization on a magnetically coated surface to store information. Magnetic storage is non-volatile. The information is accessed using one or more read/write heads which may contain one or more recording transducers. A read/write head only covers a part of the surface so that the head or medium or both must be moved relative to another in order to access data. 2.5.3 Optical Optical storage is a term from engineering referring to the Storage of data on an optically readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light, usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning disc. An older example, that does not require the use of computers, is microform. 2.5.4 Paper Paper data storage refers to the use of paper as a data storage device. This includes writing, illustrating, and the use of data that can be interpreted by a machine or is the result of the functioning of a machine. Paper data storage, typically in the form of paper tape or punched cards, has long been used to store information for automatic processing, particularly before general-purpose computers existed. Information was recorded by punching holes into the paper or cardboard medium and was read mechanically to determine whether a particular location on the medium was solid or contained a hole Apr 14 2 Computer Organization and Architecture Facebook Twitter Google Tumblr Computer Memory Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Memory Figure 1: An Imaginary Computer Memory To know about the detail of computer memory, first of all we should know what is memory? and then what is computer memory?. As we know the memory is a power to remember things. In psychology, memory is the process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. But in computing, memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs or data on a temporary or permanent basis for use in a computer or other digital electronic device. Computer data storage, often called storage or memory. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. A computers memory can be said as a list of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. Each cell has a numbered address and can store a single number. In almost all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in groups of eight bits. A bit is the basic unit of information in computing and telecommunications. A bit can have only two values, either 1 or 0. Eight bits form a byte. Each byte is able to represent 256 different numbers either from 0 to 255 or à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢128 to +127. To store larger numbers several consecutive bytes typically two, four or eight may be used. When negative numbers are required they are usually stored in tows complement notation which is a mathematical operation on binary numbers. A computer can store any kind of information in memory if it can be represented numerically. The information stored in memory may represent practically anything. Letters, numbers, even computer instructions can be placed into memory with equal ease. A computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory. Since the CPU does not differentiate between different types of data, it is the softwares responsibility to give significance to what the memory sees as nothing but a series of numbers. Modern computers have billions or even trillions of bytes of memory. In computer architecture, the CPU contains a special set of memory cells which is called registers. A processor register can be read and written too much faster than the main memory area. Registers are used for the most frequently needed data items to avoid having to access main memory every time data is needed. 1.1 First Computer Memory The first computers were often very large, usually as big as a desk or even a room and had minimal processing capability. These early computers were built to work on specific problems or solve certain types of equations and not much more. The first computers used punch cards for input and had very limited memory for processing. The average memory in the first computers was between three and forty five kilo-bits Memory was used to store data in the processing of linear equations, and the results were then printed in binary. When compared to the computers available today, the first computers do not seem very technologically advanced, but at the time they were created these first computers were engineering masterpieces. Many of the concepts created when building early computers are still in use in modern computing technology. The Atanasoff Berry Computer (ABC) credited with being the very first computer. The ABC had a whopping 3000 bits of memory which allowed it to process sixty items at one time. Other early computers had more memory. Some has high as forty five kilobits, which allowed them to process several more words of data in a shorter amount of time increasing the overall processing speed of the system. Without the first computers and their ability to make simple calculations, the technology we use today might not be as advanced as it has become. 1.2 History of Computer Memory In 1940s memory technology mostly permitted few bytes capacity. The first electronic programmable digital computer the ENIAC (ElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputer) using thousands of octal base radio vacuum tubes. In electronics, a vacuumtube is a device controlling electric current through a vacuum in a sealed container. The ENIAC could perform simple calculations involving 20 numbers of ten decimal digits which were held in the vacuum tube accumulators. The next significant advance in computer memory delaylinememory. It was a form of computer memory used on some of the earliest digital computers. Like many modern forms of electronic computer memory, delay line memory was a refreshable memory but it was opposed to modern random access memory. Delay line memory was sequential access. Delay lines could store bits of information within a quartz and transfer it through sound waves propagating through mercury. Delay line memory would be limited to a capacity of up to a few hundred thousand bits to remain efficient. In 1946 two alternatives to the delay line, the Williams tube and Selectron tube, both using electron beams in glass tubes for storage. The Williams tube would prove more capacious than the Selectron tube because the Selectron was limited to 256 bits, while the Williams tube could store thousands. It was also less expensive than Selectron tube. To find non-volatile memory Jay Forrester, Jan A. Rajchman and An Wang developed magnetic core memory in the late 1940s. It was allowed for recall of memory after power loss. Magnetic core memory would become the dominant form of memory until the development of transistor-based memory in the late 1960s. 1.2. 1 Historical Development of Computer Memory Computer memory is much more than DRAM or Flash. It has come a long way up until the origins of todays omnipresent memory technologies. If we take it more than 160 years back in time and revisit the milestones of computer memory technology then products we may have never heard of. 1.2.1.1 Punch Cards Figure 2: Punch Cards Apunched card is a piece ofstiff paper that contains digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. Earlydigital computers used punched cards as the primary medium for input of bothcomputer programs anddata. In 1837 Charles Babbage first purposed the Analytical Engine, which was the first computer to use punch cards as memory and a way to program the computer. Punch cards also known as Hollerith cardsand IBM cardsare paper cards containing several punched holes that where originally punched by hand and later by computers that represent data. Hollerithspunchcardsused in the 1890 census had round holes, 12 rows and 24 columns. The IBMpunchedcard designed in 1928, had rectangular holes, 80 columns with 12 punch locations and each one character to each column. So 80 x 12 = 960, this gives us a maximum capacity of 960 bits or 125 bytes of data. The use of punch cards predates computers. They were used as early as 1725 in the textile industry f or controlling mechanized textile looms. From the 1900s, into the 1950s, punched cards were the primary medium for data entry,data storage, and processing in institutional computing. As of 2012, some voting machinesstill utilize punched cards to input data. During the 1960s, the punched card was gradually replaced by magnetic tape. 1.2.1.2 Drum Memory Figure 3: DrumMemory Drummemory is an obsolete magnetic data storage device. A drum is a large metal cylinder that is coated on the outside surface with a ferromagnetic recording material. It could be considered the precursor to the hard disk platter, but in the form of a drum rather than a flat disk. In most cases a row of fixed read-write heads runs along the long axis of the drum, one for each track. The drums of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer stored information using regenerative capacitor memory. Regenerativecapacitormemory is a type of computer memory that uses the electrical property of capacitance to store the bits of data. A difference between most drums and a modern hard disk drive is that on a drum there was a track per head so that the heads do not have to move to the track to access data. Head per track disks were used mostly for paging. Particularly while drums were used as main working memory, programmers often took to positioning code onto the drum in such a way as to reduce the amount of t ime needed to find the next instruction. In 1932 Austrian IT engineer Gustav Tauschek invented the first widely used computer memory, called drum memory. In 1942 John Atanasoff successfully tests the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) which was the first computer to use regenerative capacitor drum memory. It was widely used in the 1950s and 60s as the main working memory of computers. Tauscheks original drum memory had a capacity of about 500,000 bits or 62.5 kilobytes. One of the early mass-produced computers, IBM 650, had about 8.5 kilobytes of drum memory, which in a later model was doubled to about 17 kilobytes. Some drum memories were also used as secondary storage. Drums were later replaced as the main working memory by memory such as core memory. 1.2.1.3 Williams Tube Figure 4: Williams Tube Freddie Williams applies for a patent on his cathode-ray tube (CRT) storing device in 1946. The device that later became known as the Williams tube or Williams- Kilburn tube. It was used as a computer memory to electronically store binary data. It was the first random-access digital storage device. The Williams tube depends on an effect called secondary emission. When a dot is drawn on a cathode ray tube, the area of the dot becomes slightly positively charged and the area immediately around it becomes slightly negatively charged, creating a charge well which is unable to convert to another type of energy. The charge well remains on the surface of the tube for a fraction of a second, allowing the device to act as a computer memory. The charge well lifetime depends on the electrical resistance of the inside of the tube. By drawing a second dot immediately next to the first one the dot can be erased. Information is read from the tube by means of a metal pickup plate that covers the face of the tube. Each time a dot is created or erased, the change in electrical charge induces a voltage pulse in the pickup plate. There is no practical restriction in the order of positions so it is called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³random-accessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ³ nature of the lookup. Reading a memory location creates a new charge well, destroying the original contents of that location, and so any read has to be followed by a write to reinstate the original data. Since the charge gradually leaked away, it was necessary to scan the tube periodically and rewrite every dot. Some Williams tubes were made from radar-type cathode ray tubes with a phosphor coating that made the data visible. Each Williams tube could store about 512-1024 bits of data. 1.2.1.4 Selectron Tube Figure 5: Selectron Tube Between 1946 and 1953 Jan Rajchman begins his work on developing the Selectron tube. The original 4096-bit Selectron was a large, 5 inch by 3 inch vacuum tube with a cathode running up the middle, surrounded by two separate sets of wires forming a cylindrical grid, a dielectric material outside of the grid, and finally a cylinder of metal conductor outside the dielectric, called the signal plate. The smaller capacity 256-bit system was constructed similarly, but built in a planar fashion rather than cylindrical,resulting in an even larger vacuum tube. The device used an indirectly heated cathode running up the middle, surrounded by two separate sets of wires and offered a storage capacity of 4096 bits to 256 in the proposed production device. The Williams tube was an example of a general class of cathode ray tube (CRT) devices known as storage tubes. The primary function of a conventional CRT is to display an image by lighting phosphor using a beam of electrons fired at it from an el ectron gun at the back of the tube. Like the Williams Kilburn tube, the Selectron was also a random access storage device. Because of the popularity of magnetic core memory at the time, the Selectron tube was never put into mass production. 1.2.1.5 Magnetic-core Memory Figure 6: Magnetic-core Memory Second major milestone in modern computer memory technology was magnetic core memory which was widely adopted. Core memory or magnetic core memory became a widespread form of random-access memory, relying on an array of magnetized rings and was invented in 1947 and developed up until the mid-1970s. It is said to be non-volatile and will not lose its contents when the power is removed. The term core comes from conventional transformers whose windings surround a magnetic core. The basic principle of core memory was using a core as a ring of ferrite that could be magnetized in one of two directions. As a result, the memory was able to store digital information either a 1 or 0. In core memory the wires pass once through any given core, they are single turn devices. The core can take two states, encoding one bit, which can be read when selected by a sense wire. When the core is read, it is reset to a zero which is known as destructive readout. Circuits in the computer memory system then r estore the information in an immediate re-write cycle. Magnetic core memory was initially very expensive to fabricate but prices dropped as the market developed. It was the standard form of memory system until displaced by solid-state memory in integrated circuits, starting in the early 1970s. 1.2.1.6 Random access Memory Figure 7: Random access Memory Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer data storage. A random-access device allows stored data to be accessed directly in any random order. Today, random-access memory takes the form of integrated circuits which is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate or chip of semiconductor material, normally silicon. One distinguishing characteristic of RAM is that it is possible both to read data from the memory and to write new data into the memory easily and rapidly. Both the reading and writing are accomplished the use of electrical signals. The other distinguishing characteristic of RAM is that it is volatile. A RAM must be provided with a constant power supply. If the power is interrupted, then the data are lost. Thus, RAM can be used only as temporary storage. The three main forms of modern RAM are static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM) and phase-change memory (PRAM). In SRAM, a bit of data is stored using the state of a flip-flop. This form of RAM is more expensive to produce but is generally faster and requires less power than DRAM. In modern computers, it is often used as cache memory for the CPU. DRAM stores a bit of data using a transistor and capacitor pair which together comprise a memory cell. The capacitor holds a high or low (0 or 1) charge and the transistor acts as a switch that lets the control circuitry on the chip read the capacitors state of charge or change it. Phase-change memory is also known as PRAM, is a type of non-volatile random-access memory. PRAM can offer much higher performance in applications where writing quickly is important, both because the memory element can be switched more quickly and also because single bits may be changed to either 1 or 0 without needing to first erase an entire block of cells. PRAMs high performance, thousands of times faster than conventional hard drives, makes it particularly interesting in nonvolatile memory roles that are currently performance-limited by memory access timing. ECC memory, which can be either SRAM or DRAM, includes special circuitry to detect or correct random faults or memory errors in the stored data, using parity bits or error correction code. A parity bit or check bit is a bit added to the end of a string of binary code that indicates whether the number of bits in the string with the value one is even or odd. Parity bits are used as the simplest form of error detecting code. In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communication channels. Many computer systems have a memory hierarchy consisting of CPU registers, on-die SRAM caches, external caches, DRAM, paging systems and virtual memory or swap space on a hard drive. This entire pool of memory may be referred to as RAM by many developers. 1.2.1.7 Read Only Memory Figure 8: Read Only Memory Read-only memory (ROM) is a class of storage medium used in computers. Data stored in ROM cannot be modified, or can be modified only slowly or with difficulty. It is really only suitable for storing data which is not expected to need modification for the life of the device. When only a small number of ROMs with particular memory content is needed, a less expensive alternative is the programmable ROM (PROM). Like the ROM, the PROM is nonvolatile and may be written into only once. For the PROM, the writing process is performed electrically and may be performed by a supplier or customer at a time later than the original chip fabrication. Special equipment is required for the writing or programming process. Another variation on read only memory is the read mostly memory, which is useful for applications in which read operations far more frequent than write operation but for which nonvolatile storage is required. There are three common forms of read mostly memory, they are EPROM, EEPROM and flash memory. The optically erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) is read and written electrically, as with PROM. However, before a write operation, all the storage cells must be erased to the same initial state by exposure of the packaged chip to ultraviolet radiation. Erasure is performed by shining an intense ultraviolet light through a window that is designed into the memory chip. This erasure process can be performed repeatedly. It has the advantage of the multiple update capability. A more attractive form of read mostly memory is electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM). This is a read mostly memory that can be written into at any time without erasing prior contents, only the byte or bytes addressed are update. The write operation takes considerably longer than the read operation, on the other of several hundred microseconds per byte. The EEPROM combines the advantage of nonvolatility with the flexibility of being updatable in place, using ordinary bus control, address, and data lines. It is suppor